Singular Plural English & Hindi Grammar
एकवचन / बहुवचन singular – plural-in -hindi
On the basis of number noun can be singular or plural.
If a noun donates one person place animal or think it is called singular noun. Example :- a woman , an owl, a ship , a train, a flower etc.
If a noun denotes more than one person, place animals things, it is called plural noun. Example :- monkeys, brushes, doors, balloons,
| Singular | Plural |
| Bird | Birds |
| Broom | Brooms |
| Camel | Camels |
| Desk | Desks |
| Doll | Dolls |
| Egg | Eggs |
| Flower | Flowers |
Making nouns plural :–
*Most nouns from their plural
adding +s . Example :- shoe-shoes , ball-balls, clock-clocks etc.
*When noun end with a hissing sound “ch ,s , ss , sh or ox” add +es to the singular. Example :- glass-glasses , church-churches, class-classes etc.
*If the noun ends in “y”. Its plural is formed by changing Y into “ies” . Bunny-Bunnies, Pony-ponies, story-stories etc.
* If the noun end In “F” or “fe” . The plural is formed by changing f and fe into “ves”. Example :- half-halves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, life-lives etc.
* If the noun ends in “o” from their plural by adding “es” in the singular. Example :- hero-heroes, potato-potatoes, buffalo-buffaloes etc.
Singular and Plural – Singular and Plural : In this article we will learn the definition of word, their difference and rules with examples.
Who says the word?
How many differences are there in the word?
What are the rules of the word?
What are the rules for making plural from singular?
Complete information about these questions has been given in this article in very simple language –
Definition of Word
The form in which one or more than one is understood is called ‘Vachan’ in Hindi grammar.
In other words – the form of noun, pronoun, adjective and verb which senses the number, it is called ‘Vachan’.
The literal meaning of the word is ‘number of words’. The word ‘number’ is called the word. Vachan also has a meaning ‘to say’. The form of a noun in which a person, thing is known to be more than one or to be one is called a word. That is, the form of a noun in which the number is understood is called a word. For example, a girl plays. Girls play.
In these sentences, the word ‘girl’ is indicating to be one and the word ‘girls’ is indicating to be more than one. So it is clear that the word ‘girl’ is of singular and the word ‘girls’ is of plural.
Types of Singular and Plural in Hindi & English
एकवचन बहुवचन
वचन :-शब्द के जिस रूप से उसके एक या अनेक का बोध होता है। उसे वचन कहते है।
वचन के भेद:-हिंदी में वचन दो प्रकार के होते है।
1 .एक वचन :-शब्द के जिस रूप से एक व्यक्ति या वस्तु का बोध हो ,उसे एक वचन कहते है। :जैसे :पुस्तक ,लड़का ,माला,कपड़ा ,कुत्ता ,बिल्ली ,गाय ,आदि।
Singular
The form of a noun which has the knowledge of being one person or one thing, it is called singular.
In other words – the word due to which we come to know about the unity of any person, thing, animal, substance etc. is called singular.
Like – boy, girl, cow, monkey, peacock, daughter, horse, river, room, clock, house, mountain, I, she, this, rupee, teacher, banana, bird, orange, flowerpot, parrot, mouse etc.
2 .बहुवचन :-शब्द के जिस रूप से किसी वस्तु या व्यक्ति के एक से अधिक होने का बोध हो ,उसे बहुवचन कहते है। जैसे :-पुस्तके ,लड़के ,मालाये ,कपड़े ,कुत्ते, बल्लियाँ गाये आदि
जैसे : – क – ख
बच्चा खेल रहा है। – बच्चे खेल रहे है।
दुकानदा
र ने साडी दिखाई। -दुकानदार ने साडी याँ दिखाई।
राम के एक बेटा है।- राम के दो बेटे है।
स्टेशन पर गाड़ी खड़ी है.- स्टेशन पर गाड़ी याँ खड़ी है
plural
The form of a word which means that there is more than one person or thing, it is called plural.
In other words – the disordered word or noun due to which we come to know that a person, thing, animal, substance etc. has more than one or many of them is called plural.
For example , boys, cows, clothes, hats, garlands, women, sons, daughters, bananas, pots, rats, parrots, horses, we, they, these, vines, carts, rupees etc.
Singular and plural rules
- Only the plural is used for respectable or respectable persons.
For example-
(i) Gandhiji had come to Champaran .
(ii) Shastri very simple nature were .
(iii) Guruji did not come today .
- The words used to show relation are used equally in singular and plural.
For example – Nana, Mami, Tai, Tau, Nani, Mama, Uncle, Aunt, Grandfather, Grandmother etc.
- Massive nouns describing matter are used only in the singular.
For example – oil, ghee, water, milk, curd, lassi, raita etc.
But, if there is a sense of different types of matter, then the mass noun will be used in the plural.
For example, many types of iron are found here. Oils of jasmine, rose, sesame etc. are good.
- Some words of the verse are always used in the plural.
For example, price, vision, life, tears, people, intact, senses, news, signature, audience, tears, blessings etc.
Examples of –
(I) your signature very different places .
(ii) People keep saying that .
(iii) It is difficult to get your darshan . (iv) your price much are . (v) What are today’s news ?
- In the verse the masculine words Ikarant, Ukarant and Ukarant are used equally in both the words.
For example,
one sage – ten munis,
one dacoit – ten dacoits,
one man – ten men etc.
- Sometimes some people use he and me in place of he and me to show nobility.
For example –
(i) The owner told the servant that we are going to the meeting.
(ii) When Guruji came home, he was very happy.
(iii) We don’t remember we said so.
- Sometimes you are used in place of you for good behavior.
Like where did you go?
- In both the words, the common noun is used.
For
Example-
(i) The dog is barking.
(ii) The dogs are barking.
(iii) Lion is the king of the jungle.
(iv) Bull has four legs.
- Nouns describing the species of metals are used in the singular only.
For example –
gold, silver, money etc.
Examples of –
(I) gold is very expensive is .
(ii) Silver affordable is .
(iii) He has a lot of money .
- Both possessive and possessive nouns are used in both singular and plural.
Eg –
(i) I am suffering from their deception.
(ii) These medicines have many advantages.
(iii) Everyone was fascinated by the gentleness of Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
- Every, each and every one is used only in the singular.
For example –
(i) The water of every well is not sweet.
(ii) That is what everyone would say.
(iii) Every human being knows this truth.
- Collective nouns are used only in the singular.
Eg –
(i) Majority of the people of this country are illiterate.
(ii) A group of langurs have created a lot of ruckus.
- Collective nouns are used in the plural to denote more groups.
For example-
(i) Many groups of students have gone.
(ii) In the century of Akbar, there were many atrocities on the subjects of many countries .
- More than one element is used in the plural but in the singular one is preceded by them.
For example – eyes, ears, fingers, feet, teeth, thumb etc.
Example –
(i) Radha’s teeth were shining.
(ii) My hair has turned white .
(iii) I lost a tooth .
(iv) I have defect in one eye .
- Words of Karankaraka like – Jada, heat, hunger, thirst etc. are used in plural only.
For example –
(i) The poor monkey has been chilling since winter .
(ii) Beggars are starving .
- The words guna, people, people, group, vrinda, dal, gana, caste are sometimes used in plural with some singular noun words.
For
example- (i) Students are very busy.
(ii) Laborers are working.
(iii) Woman caste is struggling a lot.
Some nouns have different plurals.
| Singular | plural |
| Child | Children |
| Foot | Feet |
| Man | Men |
| Women | Women |
| Tooth | Teeth |
| Mouse | Mice |
| Father | Fathers |
| Mother | Mothers |
| Hand | Hands |
| Toy | Toys |
| Chair | Chairs |
| Table | Tables |
| Brother | Brothers |
| Sister | Sisters |
| Uncle | Uncles |
| Grandfather | Grandfathers |
| Boy | Boys |
| Girl | Girls |
| Bird | Birds |
| Cow | Cows |
| Car | Cars |
| Book | Books |
| Cat | Cats |
| Dog | Dogs |
| Shop | Shops |
| Mouse | Mice |
| Fan | Fans |
| Leaf | Leaves |
| Jar | Jars |
| Cliff | Clifs |
| Donkey | Donkeys |
| Monkey | Monkeys |
| Key | Keys |
| Ray | Rays |
| Night | Nights |
| Day | Days |
| Hoof | Hoofs |
| Proof | Proofs |
| River | Rivers |
| Boat | Boats |
| Eassy | Eassys |
| Short | Shorts |
एकवचन |
बहुवचन |
लड़का |
लड़के |
| वादा | वादे |
| किस्सा | किस्से |
| पंखा | पंखे |
| रुपया | रूपये |
| बच्चा | बच्चे |
| घोडा | घोड़े |
| पैसा | पैसे |
| इरादा | इरादे |
| संतरा | संतरे |
| केला | केले |
| छाता | छाते |
| बेटा | बेटे |
| बहन | बहने |
| भाई | भाइयों |
| तोता | तोते |
| कक्षा | कक्षाये |
| दवाई | दवाईयाँ |
| तितली | तितलियाँ |
| कली | कलियाँ |
| नदी | नदियाँ |
| वस्तु | वस्तुये |
| पुस्तक | पुस्तके |
| दरवाजा | दरवाजे |
| मेला | मेले |
| कविता | कविताएँ |
| माता | माताएँ |
| बच्चा | बच्चे |
| गाड़ी | गाड़ियाँ |
| अध्यापक | अध्यापिकाएँ |
| कलम | कलमे |
| आँख | आँखे |
| किताब | किताबें |
| बात | बाते |
| माँग | माँगे |
| रात | राते |
| बहू | बहुये |
| तिथि | तिथियाँ |
| शक्ति | शक्तियाँ |
| सखी | सखियाँ |
| लड़की | लड़कियाँ |
| देवी | देवियाँ |
| राखी | राखीयाँ |
| मछली | मछलियाँ |
| टोली | टोलीयाँ |
| जाति | जातियाँ |
| बकरी | बकरियाँ |
| थाली | थालियाँ |
| टोपी | टोपियाँ |
| कॉफी | कॉफियाँ |
| पंक्ति | पंक्तियाँ |
| घडी | घड़ियां |
| पंखा | पंखे |
| कार | कारे |
| तार | तारे |
| गिलास | गिलासे |
| कटोरी | कटोरियाँ |
| बस | बसे |
| चुहिया | चुहियाँ |
| पुड़िया | पुड़ियाँ |
| गुड़िया | गुड़ियाँ |
| चूड़ी | चूडियाँ |
| डिब्बी | डिबियाँ |
| पर्दा | पर्दे |
| खिड़की | खिड़कियाँ |
| मिठाई | मिठाईयाँ |
| सब्जी | सब्जियाँ |
| स्कूल | स्कूले |
| टेबल | टेबले |
| सड़क | सड़के |
| कुर्सी | कुर्सियाँ |
| कथा | कथाये |
| बेटी | बेटियाँ |
| महिला | महिलाये |
| चारपाई | चारपाईयाँ |
| सीढ़ी | सीढियाँ |
| अध्यापक | अध्यापको |
| सदी | सदियाँ |
| सैकड़ा | सैकड़ो |
| साल | सालो |
| मील | मीलो |
| महीना | महीनो |
| बरस | बरसों |
| देवता | देवताओ |
| राजा | राजाओं |
| रानी | रानियाँ |
| साधु | साधुओं |
| घंटा | घंटों |
| गाना | गाने |
| डंडा | डंडे |
| ठेला | ठेले |
| कमरा | कमरे |
| झूला | झूले |
| थैला | थैले |
| छतरी | छतरियाँ |
| पौधा | पौधे |
| गली | गलियाँ |
| नारी | नरियाँ |
| संस्कृति | संकृतियाँ |
| पत्ता | पते |
| पटा | पटे |
| खिलौना | खिलोने |
| गधा | गधे |
| चादर | चादरे |
| मेज | मेजे |
| गाय | गाये |
| शेर | शेरनियाँ |
| चूहा | चूहे |
| सभा | सभाएं |
| गमला | गमले |
| कहानी | कहानियाँ |
| झंडा | झंडे |
| चिड़िया | चिड़ियाँ |
| नहर | नहरे |
| किरण | किरणे |
| बीमारी | बिमारियाँ |
| कमीज | कमीजें |
| रोटी | रोटियाँ |
| अलमारी | अलमारियाँ |
| पैसा | पैसे |
| चाबी | चाबियाँ |
| शाखा | शाखाएँ |
| मुर्गा | मुरगे |
| टोपी | टोपियाँ |
| राह | राहे |
| कन्या | कन्याएँ |
| औरत | औरते |
| गुब्बारा | गुब्बारे |
| कविता | कविताएँ |
| बिजली | बिजलिया |
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