NCERT Solution class 8 Geography chapter 2

SOCIAL SCIENCE RESOURCE AND DEVLOPMENT CLASS VIII

 

Chapter -2   Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

Exercises :

1. Answers the following questions.

(i) Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation?

(ii) Write any two reasons for land degradation today.

(iii) Why is land considered an important resource?

(iv) Name any two steps that government has taken to conserve plants and animals .

(v) Suggest three ways to conserve water.

Ans. (i) Temperature and rainfall are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation.

(ii) Deforestation and the indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural lands are two

factors contributing to land degradation.

(iii) Land is considered as an important resource as it provides habitation to wide variety of flora and fauna. Also

Use if they and d by Human beings for various purpose such as agricultural, forestry, mining, building house and roads,

and setting up industries.

(iv) Two steps that the government has take to converse plants and animals.

(a) Has set up national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves for protecting natural vegetation and

wildlife; for example, the Kaziranga National park in Assam.

(b) has banned the killing of lions, tiger, deer, great Indian bustards and peacock. It has also prohibited the

trade of the species of plants and animals protected under the international agreement CITES.

(v) Three ways to conserve water.

(a) Rain-water harvesting.

(b) Lining irrigation canals to avoid seepage of water.

(c) Replenishing ground water by promoting affoestation.

2. Tick the correct answers.

         (i) Which one of the following is NOT a factor of soil formation?

              (a) Time       (b) Soil Texture       (c) Organic Matter

         (ii) Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?

              (a)Shelter Belts       (b) Mulching       (c) Terrace Cultivation

         (iii) Which one of the following is NOT in favour of the conservation of the nature?

               (a) Switch off the bulb when not in use

               (b) Close the tap immediately after using

             (c) Dispose polypacks after shopping

Ans: (i)  (b) Soil Texture

(ii) (c) Terrace Cultivation

(iii) (c) Dispose polypacks after shopping

V minivan NPCA, a division of the3. Match the following :

(i) Land use                 (a) Prevent soil erosion

(ii) Humans                  (b) Narrow zone of contact between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and           

                                                atmosphere

(iii) Rock Dams                       (c) Productive use of land

(iv) Biosphere              (d) Organic matter deposited on top soil

                                    (e) Contour ploughing

Ans:     (i)

 

(i) Land use	(c) Productive use of land.
(ii) Humans	(d) Organic Matter deposited on top soil.
(iii) Rock dams	(a) Prevent soil erosion.
(iv) Arable Land	(b) Land Suitable for agricultural

 

4. State whether the given statement is true or false. If true, write the reasons.

            (i) Ganga-Brahmaputra plain of India is an overpopulated region.  Shift

            (ii) Water availability per person in India is declining .

            (iii) Rows of trees planted in the coastal areas to check the wind movement is called intercropping.

            (iv) Human interference and changes of climates can maintain the ecosystem.

Ans:     (i) This statement is true. Plains and river valleys offer suitable land for agriculture. Hance, these are densely-populated areas of the world.

(ii) This statement is true. Though water is present in abundance, Fresh water is a scarce off e resource. availability is a serious problem in many region of world. Due to the wastage of water, deforestation, and the pollution and depletion of fresh water reserves (such as rivers and ground water), the availability of water is fast declining.

(iii) This Statement is false. The described process is called shelter belts. Inter cropping is the process in which different crops are grown in alternate rows, and are sown at different times to protect the soil from rain wash

(iv) This left Statement is false. Human interference and changes of climatic for the most part adversely affect the balance of the ecosystem.

5. Activity they gave me a list of, the senate

Discuss some more reasons which are responsible for changes of land use pattern. Has your place undergone any change in the land use pattern in recent years?